However, over the last 30 years, gis at voltage up to 800 kv in various station. Air insulated substations up to 800 kv as the demand for electrical power grows, power companies worldwide are active to ensure power is available wherever and whenever it is needed. Innovative compact 14512 kv indoor air insulated substations ais. In this article, we take a look at the air insulated substation ais. An airinsulated substation ais is one where the main circuit potential is insulated from the ground by air using porcelain or composite insulators andor. Substations situated in rough terrains such as mountain regions and valley. Air insulated, arc resistant drawout switchgear with vacuum circuit breakers for large, complex power distribution and control. What structural engineers should know about substation. The timing of this project coincided with a new utility policy which mandated. Mar 18, 2014 sub stations air insulated substations 1. Due to specific reasons, like space limitations, environmental aspects and security, the substation can be built using gas insulated switchgear gis technology.
This is a report presented in my institute as a part of a course name seminar on air insulated and gas insulated substation. May 1819, 2020 course objectives understand structural design principles. The differences between air insulated substation engineering and gas insulated substation engineering are vast. Gis there are two terms presented in iec gas insulated switchgear and ieee gas insulated substations. The portfolio includes gis solutions from 60 to 800 kv, along with secondary products to maximize switchgear and network operation. Gas insulated switchgear is used in industrial areas to fulfil highenergy demands by space saving design with a. Aiss, which are more common, use air to insulate the different components of the substation from each other as well as for grounding the charge. The air insulated substation dissected plh group inc. This guide, covering threephase ac systems from 1 kv to 800 kv, provides recommended electrical operating and safety clearances and insulation levels in air insulated electric supply substations. Modeling and simulation of air insulated and gas insulated. Ge provides a full range of gas insulated substations gis for utilities and industries worldwide. Air insulated packaged substations and components transmission systems generally include generation switchyards, interconnecting transmission lines, autotransformers, switching stations, and stepdown transformers. Provides compact and programmable switching and power fuse protection for power distribution. They have been in use for years before the introduction of gis.
Air insulated substations ieee conferences, publications. This paper presents a comparative analysis of gas insulated substation and air insulated substation. A look inside 4 6 gas insulated 5 air insulated the denny substation will serve a growing area of hightech and biotech industries in south lake union, as well as other highuse customers across north downtown. Design using design manual, specifications, internal standards. An air insulated substation ais is one where the main circuit potential is insulated from the ground by air using porcelain or composite insulators andor bushings. The content of the book covers a range of substation topologies. Understand the role of hv air insulated substation, and gain insight on transformers, circuit breakers, disconnectors, surge arresters and instrument transformers. Air insulated substations are the most common type of substation that you will find on the electrical network, due to their cost effectiveness and simplicity. Guidelines for usage of air insulated substation ais or gas. A hybrid substation would require less space than conventional ais but more than gis. Our portfolio of highquality products and advanced technologies, including disconnecting circuit breakers dcb and iec 61850 substation automation systems, reduce substation footprint and enable smart grid integration. Draft guide for bus design in air insulated substations.
This course is based on terms used in ieee and iec regulations. Air insulated substation ais the ais uses air as the primary dielectric from phase to phase, and phase to ground insulation. Although already there is some literature about general concepts applied in electric substation design, this work intends to be the first processoriented approach dedicated to air insulated substations in which a stepbystep design procedure and a wellstructured strategy for managing substation. The nearest monitoring station to the proposed project is located in reseda, 7 miles south of the proposed central compressor station site. Silicone rubber insulators in air insulated substations customer need oman is a located on the southern tip of the arabian peninsula. Our portfolio of highquality products and advanced technologies, including disconnecting circuit breakers dcb and iec 61850 substatio. More space is required for outdoor substation when compared to indoor gas insulated substation gis outdoor switch yards are more vulnerable to faults as it is located in outside atmosphere which has some influence from pollution, saline environment and other environmental factors. The portfolio includes gis solutions from 60 to 800 kv, along with hybrid, mobile and digital gis solutions, gas insulated lines and other secondary products to maximize switchgear and network operation, including springoperated mechanisms for ais, gis and generator circuit breakers.
Ais is fully composed from air insulated technology components such as circuit breakers, disconnecting switches disconnectors, surge arrestors, instrument transformers, power. Depending on the type of equipment used, the substations could be. An electric power substation that has the busbars and equipment terminations generally open to air and utilizes insulation properties of ambient air for. Technical specification construction of 3311 kv primary sub. Several crucial terms are for better understanding of the presented material.
The scaqmd has 38 air quality monitoring stations that monitor and collect ambient air quality measurements for these specific pollutants within the basin. Alternative solution to air insulated substations case study a new substation was required to provide additional power and increased reliability to a growing tourist area which included a new hospital. Air insulated substation elearning ge grid solutions. Airinsulated substation elearning ge grid solutions. Air insulated, gas insulated and mixed technology switchgear substations together with the essential secondary systems. Thermal insulation will thus reduce the air conditioning ac. The footprint of an air insulated substation is dependent on its layout e. Easy to expand in case that space is not an issue excellent overview, simple handling and easy access. There are five major differences between airinsulated substation engineering and gasinsulated engineering. Guide for the application of gas insulated substations 1 kv to 52 kv. The air insulated substation dissected posted at 22. This introduction is not part of ieee std 6052008, ieee guide for bus design in air insulated substations.
These are also known as a 66kv substation, 2kv substation, 220kv substation, and 400kv substation etc. Transmission system substations that provide bulk power operate at voltages from 69 to 765 kv. Seminar report on air insulated and gas insulated substation free download as pdf file. Airinsulated substations up to 800 kv siemens high. Airinsulated substation article about airinsulated. The design of an air insulated substation starts with a basic work of selection of site which includes a large area of land and environmental conditions for the installation of substation 2. Ieee guide for bus design in air insulated substations. Common voltage classes used in the united states for major substations include 69, 115, 8, 161, and 230 kv considered high voltage or hv class and 345,500, and 765 kv considered extra high voltage or ehv class. Gasinsulated substations gis the atmospheric air insulation used in a conventional, airinsulated substation ais requires meters of air insulation to do what sf6 can do in centimeters. Details advanced and basic material, accessible for both. Conventional outdoor sub stations are a viable option when there is a plenty of space, land prices are low, environmental conditions are normal and maintenance labour costs are low.
Gas insulated substation ppt pdf presentation gas insulated substations gis is a compact,multicomponent assembly enclosed in a ground metallic housing in which the primary insulating medium is compressed sulphur hexafluoride sf6 gas. Vuspec page 3 ieee 12402000 r2012, ieee guide for the evaluation of the reliability of hvdc converter stations ieee 12462011, ieee guide for temporary protective grounding systems used in substations. Siemens provides a wide range of services including the supply of complete packages of highvoltage. Siemens highvoltage substations with air insulated switchgear ais are the costefficient choice for rated voltages of up to 800 kv. Airinsulated switchgear ais complete portfolio for all applications and environments abb focuses on the continual development of new technologies to increase the ecoefficiency, availability and reliability of ais substations products and have a century of practical experience to rely on. The clearance required for phase to phase and phase to ground for all equipment is much lower than that required in an air insulated substation. Ieee std 6052008, ieee guide for bus design in air. Airinsulated substations up to 800 kv digital asset management. Scope increased fault currents result in higher forces on bus structures during fault. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. Replacing line exits strain bus with rigid bus requires building temporary bypasses for two of the line exits. When new sub stations are planned, there is the choice of different designs. Gis can therefore be smaller than ais by up to a factor of 10.
A gas insulated substation gis is a high voltage substation in which the major structures are contained in a sealed environment with sulfur hexafluoride gas as the insulating medium. Switchgear for a hybrid sub station shall have some or all functional units enclosed in sf6 gas insulated housing. Abb substations with air insulated switchgear ais provide a costefficient and wellproven solution without compromising on reliability. For mediumvoltage distribution substations, metalenclosed switch gear may be used and no live conductors exposed at all. The unique design features stateoftheart electrical equipment and underground distribution and transmission. Substation engineering ais and gis substations beta.
A typical primary distribution substation would include air insulated outdoortype highvoltage side hv and a metalenclosed air insulated indoortype mediumvoltage switchgear mv. According to the author gis are much more reliable, compact and maintenance free. Silicone rubber is the fastestgrowing, most dominant polymeric insulation material for high voltage products. P605 guide for bus design in air insulated substations this design guide provides direction for the substation engineer in the design of air insulated substations.
Silicone rubber insulators in air insulated substations. Gas insulated substations gis is a compact,multicomponent assembly enclosed in a ground metallic housing in which the primary insulating medium is compressed sulphur hexafluoride sf6 gas. This guide provides users with information on typical bus arrangements including various criteria necessary to develop bus arrangement decisions. Hence the overall size of each equipment and the complete sub station is reduced. What structural engineers should know about substation rigid bus design. Riaz ahsan baig year of publication 2004 0 abstract the author in his paper has made comparison of gas insulated substation gis with conventional air insulated substation ais. It is applicable to both openterminal air insulated ais and metalenclosed gas insulated gis substation constructions and covers equipment operated at lower voltages on the same substation site. This information is meant to aid in the understanding and usage of this guide.
The bus bars may be of either rigid type or flexible strain type depending upon the choice of the designer considering the overall suitability and economy of the substation to be installed. Gas insulated substation gis vs conventional outdoor substation ais by engr. Basic design and analysis of airinsulated substations. Home technical articles gas insulated substation gis versus air insulated substation ais gas insulated substation gis design the metalenclosed gas insulated switchgear inherently follows the criteria for new substation design and offers a higher reliability and flexibility than other solutions. The sf6 gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear shall be totally safe against inadvertent touch of any of its live constituent parts. Seminar report on air insulated and gas insulated substation. Substations rely on copper grounding on equipment and in the ground to properly ground the system and make it safe. For higher voltages, gas insulated switch gear reduces the space required around live bus. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Planning of substations basis requirements for new substations.
This introduction provides some background on the rationale used to develop this guide. Actually, most substations across all regions are ais. Siemens is a leading supplier of engineering, equipment, solutions, and services for highvoltage substations, such as air insulated substations, gas insulated substations, and gas insulated lines. They are typically located close to the load centers, meaning that they are usually located in or near the neighborhoods that they supply, and are the stations most likely to be encountered by the customers. The localisation results of previously published methods were in the form of coordinates or bearings, and showed large errors on coordinates. Substations, ais, gis, sulphur hexafluoride gas, vfto.
Introduction to gas insulated substations switchgears gis. As the electricity demand is increasing day by day, the power companies are giving their active. The outdoor substations are constructed in the open air. A brief study of both the substations is carried out. A major difference between conventional air insulated substations ais and the gas insulated substations gis is that the sf6 gas insulated electrical components are placed within an earthed, pressurized metallic container. The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristice. Economics between conventional and gas insulated substation. Siemens provides a wide range of services including the supply of complete packages of highvoltage devices with control and protection systems as well as installation and commissioning of the highvoltage substations.
Pdf environmentally friendly compact airinsulated high. Switchgear in transmission and distribution substations is not only used to control the power flow, but also to ensure that system failures and malfunctions remain. High voltage products compass i compact airinsulated substations. The project will transmit power at 765 kv level from various generating stations and will also act as an interface for the national grid connection to the power grid substations in gwalior and bhiwani. Optimal location of substations within power system load flow, shortcircuit, customer requirements, long term planning, land space selection of substation design calculation of shortcircuit currents and long term development ratings selection of power system requirements. Introduction to airinsulated substations springerlink. These air insulated substations ais differ from gas insulated substations gis in that the bus and equipment are more susceptible to the elements temperature, contamination, animals, etc. Due to their compactness and flexibility, gis substations can be lo. Pdf performance of compact air insulated substations under.
Gas insulated substations high system reliability highflexibilityofitssolutionsmodularityexpandability gas insulated substations high flexibility of its solutions modularity, expandability compact space saving solutions innovative solutions devices, switchgears low life cycle costs reliable and competent partners operator, manufacturer. As the dielectric strength of sf6 gas is higher than air, the clearances required are smaller. Operation and maintenance of a gas insulated substation. This course will give you an appreciation of how to design this type of substation and introduce you to all of the equipments that you will find in a typical air insulated substation. In a hybrid substation, the busbars shall be air insulated type. In this paper, a detailed model of an air insulated compact substation is developed, and. Abb substations with airinsulated switchgear ais provide a costefficient and. Technical specification construction of 3311 kv primary substations. Find out information about air insulated substation. Every sub station is controlled by some experienced manpower, including one in charge,23 engineers, 45 technical staffs. With high temperatures, sandstorms, fog and salty ocean winds, the arid desert climate is less than ideal for high voltage equipment. Current switching capability of air insulated disconnectors for rated voltages above 52 kv. Jan 26, 2018 this feature is not available right now. Partial discharge pd localisation in airinsulated substations ais can be used to assess insulation condition efficiently.
Comparison of gis and ais systems for urban supply networks. Preferred switching impulse withstand voltage for stationclass outdoor air. Compact airinsulated substations an integrated solution compass i is a compact solution for airinsulated switchgear ais up to 170 kv, which integrates abbs bestinclass livetank circuit breaker and gasinsulated current transformer in the same footprint as a standard livetank circuit breaker. Standard for high voltage gas insulated substations rated above 52 kv. Iv general technical specification for 220kv sf6 gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear on photo.
A onestop, complete reference text on gas insulated substations gis, largecapacity and longdistance electricity transmission, which are of increasing importance in the power industry today. The design of power substation is classified as air insulated substation and. They are renowned for highest reliability, economical operation, and low maintenance requirements. Pdf a number of options exist for reducing the footprint of substations using air insulated switchgear ais. A number of options exist for reducing the footprint of substations using air insulated switchgear ais. The air space required increases with system voltage and with the lightning surge voltage rating. Providing power to the customer has become an increasingly challenging task for system operators. Traditional load break air switch with power fuse protection for power distribution.
Additionally specialized substations such as ultra high voltage uhv, offshore substations for wind power plants and the use of gas insulated lines are included. Scope consists of replacing twenty seven 230kv air blast type and oil type circuit breakers with sf 6 type circuit breakers and replacing three line exits air insulated strain bus with rigid bus. Pdf a number of options exist for reducing the footprint of substations using airinsulated switchgear ais. Manual control equipment with handoperated valves placed outside the fire zone and manual. These days gas insulated substations are built for high voltage systems. Method for partial discharge localisation in airinsulated substations. Abbs innovative hybrid substations combine gas and airinsulated switchgear technologies to make the installation more compact, minimize maintenance requirements and maximize availability and reliability. Highvoltage substations highvoltage power transmission. This functional specification covers all types of substation with equipment installed for use on 2, 275 and 400 kv 50 hz systems. As a result, substation equipment had to be made more reliable and.
Today we chose to publich this one, in which he draws a comparison between gis gas insulated substations and ais air insulated substations. There are five major considerations in the differences between the two high voltage substations. Nesco has adopted the philosophy of installing open terminal air insulated substations. National grid substations technical specification ngts 2. Transmission systems generally include generation switchyards, interconnecting. However, air insulated substations also offer many advantages. All kinds of maintenance work of the sub station done by them in addition, sub station operation work done by the engineers. Pyro mi enhanced grade mineral insulated wiring cables. Gas insulated substations euci conference, february 2019.
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